// Copyright (c) 2016 University of Helsinki
//
// This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
// modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
// License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
// version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
// See the file COPYING included with this distribution for more
// information.

//! @file LexcCompiler.cc
//!
//! @brief Implementation of lexc compilation.

#if HAVE_CONFIG_H
#  include <config.h>
#endif

#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>

using std::string;
using std::map;
using std::set;
using std::pair;
using std::vector;
using std::set_difference;

#include "LexcCompiler.h"
#include "HfstTransducer.h"
#include "XreCompiler.h"
#include "lexc-utils.h"
#ifdef YACC_USE_PARSER_H_EXTENSION
  #include "lexc-parser.h"
#else
  #include "lexc-parser.hh"
#endif
#include "xre_utils.h"
#include "HfstSymbolDefs.h"

#ifdef WINDOWS
#include "hfst-string-conversions.h"
using hfst::hfst_fprintf_console;
#endif // WINDOWS

using hfst::HfstTransducer;
using hfst::implementations::HfstTransitionGraph;
using hfst::implementations::HfstBasicTransducer;
using hfst::implementations::HfstState;
using hfst::implementations::HfstBasicTransition;
using hfst::ImplementationType;
using hfst::xre::XreCompiler;
using hfst::StringVector;

//using same alg as strings to fst
static StringVector multichar_symbols;


// stupid flex and yacc
extern FILE* hlexcin;
extern int hlexcparse();
extern int hlexcnerrs;
extern int hlexclex_destroy();

#ifndef DEBUG_MAIN

namespace hfst { namespace lexc {

    bool debug = false;

LexcCompiler* lexc_ = 0;

LexcCompiler::LexcCompiler() :
    quiet_(false),
    verbose_(false),
    align_strings_(false),
    with_flags_(false),
    minimize_flags_(false),
    rename_flags_(false),
    treat_warnings_as_errors_(false),
    allow_multiple_sublexicon_definitions_(false),
    error_(&std::cerr),
    format_(TROPICAL_OPENFST_TYPE),
    xre_(TROPICAL_OPENFST_TYPE),
    initialLexiconName_("Root"),
    totalEntries_(0),
    currentEntries_(0),
#ifdef WINDOWS
    output_to_console_(false),
    winoss_(std::ostringstream()),
    redirected_stream_(NULL),
#endif
    parseErrors_(false)
{
    xre_.set_expand_definitions(true);
    xre_.set_error_stream(this->error_);
    xre_.set_verbosity(!quiet_);
}

LexcCompiler::LexcCompiler(ImplementationType impl) :
    quiet_(false),
    verbose_(false),
    align_strings_(false),
    with_flags_(false),
    minimize_flags_(false),
    rename_flags_(false),
    treat_warnings_as_errors_(false),
    allow_multiple_sublexicon_definitions_(false),
    error_(&std::cerr),
    format_(impl),
    xre_(impl),
    initialLexiconName_("Root"),
    totalEntries_(0),
    currentEntries_(0),
#ifdef WINDOWS
    output_to_console_(false),
    winoss_(std::ostringstream()),
    redirected_stream_(NULL),
#endif
    parseErrors_(false)
{
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@");
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@0@");
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@ZERO@");
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@@ANOTHER_EPSILON@@");
    string hash("#");
    lexiconNames_.insert(hash);
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(joinerEncode(hash));
    xre_.set_expand_definitions(true);
    xre_.set_error_stream(this->error_);
    xre_.set_verbosity(!quiet_);
}

LexcCompiler::LexcCompiler(ImplementationType impl, bool withFlags, bool alignStrings) :
    quiet_(false),
    verbose_(false),
    align_strings_(alignStrings),
    with_flags_(withFlags),
    minimize_flags_(false),
    rename_flags_(false),
    treat_warnings_as_errors_(false),
    allow_multiple_sublexicon_definitions_(false),
    error_(&std::cerr),
    format_(impl),
    xre_(impl),
    initialLexiconName_("Root"),
    totalEntries_(0),
    currentEntries_(0),
#ifdef WINDOWS
    output_to_console_(false),
    winoss_(std::ostringstream()),
    redirected_stream_(NULL),
#endif
    parseErrors_(false)
{
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@");
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@0@");
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@ZERO@");
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@@ANOTHER_EPSILON@@");
    string hash("#");
    lexiconNames_.insert(hash);
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(joinerEncode(hash));
    xre_.set_expand_definitions(true);
    xre_.set_error_stream(this->error_);
    xre_.set_verbosity(!quiet_);
}

    void LexcCompiler::reset()
    {
      tokenizer_ = hfst::HfstTokenizer();
      tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@");
      tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@0@");
      tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@ZERO@");
      tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@@ANOTHER_EPSILON@@");
      initialLexiconName_ = "Root";
      totalEntries_ = 0;
      currentEntries_ = 0;
      parseErrors_ = false;
      lexiconNames_.clear();
      noFlags_.clear();
      continuations_.clear();
      currentLexiconName_ = ""; // ?
      string hash("#");
      lexiconNames_.insert(hash);
      stringsTrie_ =hfst::implementations::HfstBasicTransducer(); // ?
      stringTries_.clear();
      stringVectors_.clear();
      regexps_.clear();
    }


    std::ostream * LexcCompiler::get_stream(std::ostream * oss)
    {
#ifdef WINDOWS
      if (output_to_console_ && (oss == &std::cerr || oss == &std::cout))
        {
          redirected_stream_ = oss;
          return &winoss_;
        }
#endif
      return oss;
    }

    void LexcCompiler::flush(std::ostream * oss)
    {
#ifdef WINDOWS
      if (output_to_console_ && (oss == &winoss_))
        {
          if (redirected_stream_ == &std::cerr)
            hfst_fprintf_console(stderr, winoss_.str().c_str());
          else if (redirected_stream_ == &std::cout)
            hfst_fprintf_console(stdout, winoss_.str().c_str());
          else
            ;
          redirected_stream_ = NULL;
          winoss_.str("");
        }
#endif
    }

    void LexcCompiler::setOutputToConsole(bool value)
    {
#ifdef WINDOWS
      output_to_console_ = value;
#else
      (void)value;
#endif
    }

    bool LexcCompiler::getOutputToConsole()
    {
#ifdef WINDOWS
      return output_to_console_;
#else
      return false;
#endif
    }


LexcCompiler& LexcCompiler::parse(FILE* infile)
{
    lexc_ = this;
    if (infile == stdin)
      {
        hfst::lexc::set_infile_name("<stdin>");
      }
    else
      {
        hfst::lexc::set_infile_name("<unnamed>");
      }
    hlexclex_destroy();
    hlexcin = infile;
    hlexcparse();
    xre_.remove_defined_multichar_symbols();
    if (hlexcnerrs > 0)
      {
        parseErrors_ = true;
      }
    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler& LexcCompiler::parse(const char* filename)
{
    lexc_ = this;
    hlexclex_destroy();
    hfst::lexc::set_infile_name(filename);
    hlexcin = hfst::hfst_fopen(filename, "r");
    if (hlexcin == NULL)
      {
        std::ostream * err = get_stream(error_);
        *err << "could not open " << filename << " for reading" << std::endl;
        flush(err);
        parseErrors_ = true;
        return *this;
      }
    hlexcparse();
    xre_.remove_defined_multichar_symbols();
    if (hlexcnerrs > 0)
      {
        parseErrors_ = true;
      }
    return *this;
}

bool LexcCompiler::isQuiet()
{
  return quiet_;
}

unsigned int LexcCompiler::getVerbosity()
{
  if (quiet_ && !verbose_)
    return 0;
  if (!quiet_ && !verbose_)
    return 1;
  if (!quiet_ && verbose_)
    return 2;
  throw "LexcCompiler::getVerbosity() failed";
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setVerbosity(unsigned int verbose)
{
  if (verbose == 0)
    {
      quiet_ = true;
      verbose_ = false;
    }
  else if (verbose == 1)
    {
      quiet_ = false;
      verbose_ = false;
    }
  else
    {
      quiet_ = false;
      verbose_ = true;
    }
  xre_.set_verbosity(!quiet_);
  return *this;
}

bool
LexcCompiler::areWarningsTreatedAsErrors()
{
  return treat_warnings_as_errors_;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setTreatWarningsAsErrors(bool value)
{
    treat_warnings_as_errors_ = value;
    return *this;
}

void LexcCompiler::set_error_stream(std::ostream * os)
{
  error_ = os;
  xre_.set_error_stream(this->error_);
}

std::ostream * LexcCompiler::get_error_stream()
{
  return error_;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setAllowMultipleSublexiconDefinitions(bool value)
{
    allow_multiple_sublexicon_definitions_ = value;
    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setAlignStrings(bool value)
{
    align_strings_ = value;
    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setWithFlags(bool value)
{
    with_flags_ = value;
    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setMinimizeFlags(bool value)
{
    minimize_flags_ = value;
    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setRenameFlags(bool value)
{
    rename_flags_ = value;
    return *this;
}


LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::addNoFlag(const string& lexname)
{
    noFlags_.insert(lexname);
    return *this;
}
LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::addAlphabet(const string& alpha)
{
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(alpha);
    if (!quiet_ && verbose_)
      {
        // warn about undefined multichars
        xre_.add_defined_multichar_symbol(alpha);
      }
    return *this;
}

// Construct vector nameJoiner data contJoiner and add to trie
LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::addStringEntry(const string& data,
        const string& continuation, double weight)
{
    //string str = replace_zero(data);

    currentEntries_++;
    totalEntries_++;
    continuations_.insert(continuation);
    string encodedCont = string(continuation);
    if (with_flags_)
    {
        if (noFlags_.find(continuation) == noFlags_.end())
          {
            encodedCont = flagJoinerEncode(encodedCont, false);
          }
        else
          {
            encodedCont = joinerEncode(encodedCont);
          }
    }
    else
    {
        encodedCont = joinerEncode(encodedCont);
    }
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(encodedCont);

    // build string pair vector map
    string joinerEnc = currentLexiconName_;
    if (with_flags_)
    {
        if (noFlags_.find(currentLexiconName_) == noFlags_.end())
          {
            flagJoinerEncode(joinerEnc, true);
          }
        else
          {
            joinerEncode(joinerEnc);
          }
    }
    else
    {
        joinerEncode(joinerEnc);
    }
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(joinerEnc);
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("0");      // epsilon
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@ZERO@"); // literal zero
    StringPairVector newVector(tokenizer_.tokenize(joinerEnc + data + encodedCont));
    // "0"      -> "@0@"  (single symbols)
    // "@ZERO@" -> "0"    (everywhere)
    std::string zero("@ZERO@");
    size_t start_pos = 0;
    for (StringPairVector::iterator it = newVector.begin(); it != newVector.end(); it++)
      {
	if (it->first == "0")
	  {
	    it->first = "@0@";
	  }
	start_pos = it->first.find(zero);
	if(start_pos != std::string::npos)
	  {
	    it->first.replace(start_pos, zero.length(), "0");
	  }
	if (it->second == "0")
	  {
	    it->second = "@0@";
	  }
	start_pos = it->second.find(zero);
	if(start_pos != std::string::npos)
	  {
	    it->second.replace(start_pos, zero.length(), "0");
	  }
      }
    stringsTrie_.disjunct(newVector, hfst::double_to_float(weight));

    return *this;
}

// to handle information to warn_about_one_sided_flags_
static bool treat_one_sided_flags_as_errors_ = false;
static bool quiet_one_sided_flags_ = false;
static std::ostream * errorstr_ = NULL;

static void warn_about_one_sided_flags(const std::pair<std::string, std::string> & symbol_pair)
{
  if (FdOperation::is_diacritic(symbol_pair.first))
    {
      if (symbol_pair.first != symbol_pair.second)
        {
          if (treat_one_sided_flags_as_errors_)
            {
              // error messages are always printed
              *errorstr_ << std::endl << "*** ERROR: one-sided flag diacritic: " << symbol_pair.first << ":" << symbol_pair.second << " [--Werror]" << std::endl;
              lexc_->flush(errorstr_);
              throw "one-sided flag";
            }
          if (!quiet_one_sided_flags_)
            {
              hfst::lexc::error_at_current_token(0, 0, "Warning: one-sided flag diacritic.");
            }
        }
      return;
    }
  if (FdOperation::is_diacritic(symbol_pair.second))
    {
      if (treat_one_sided_flags_as_errors_)
        {
          // error messages are always printed
          *hfst::lexc::errorstr_ << std::endl << "*** ERROR: one-sided flag diacritic: " << symbol_pair.first << ":" << symbol_pair.second << " [--Werror]" << std::endl;
          lexc_->flush(errorstr_);
          throw "one-sided flag";
        }
      if (!quiet_one_sided_flags_)
        {
          hfst::lexc::error_at_current_token(0, 0, "Warning: one-sided flag diacritic.");
        }
    }
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::addStringPairEntry(const string& upper, const string& lower,
        const string& continuation, double weight)
{
    //string upper_string = replace_zero(upper);
    //string lower_string = replace_zero(lower);

    currentEntries_++;
    totalEntries_++;
    continuations_.insert(continuation);
    string encodedCont = string(continuation);
    if (with_flags_) {
        if (noFlags_.find(continuation) == noFlags_.end())
          {
            encodedCont = flagJoinerEncode(encodedCont, false);
          }
        else
          {
            encodedCont = joinerEncode(encodedCont);
          }
    }
    else
    {
        encodedCont = joinerEncode(encodedCont);
    }
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(encodedCont);

    // build string pair vector map

    string joinerEnc = currentLexiconName_;
    if (with_flags_)
    {
        if (noFlags_.find(currentLexiconName_) == noFlags_.end())
          {
            flagJoinerEncode(joinerEnc, true);
          }
        else
          {
            joinerEncode(joinerEnc);
          }
    }
    else
    {
        joinerEncode(joinerEnc);
    }
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(joinerEnc);
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("0");      // epsilon
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol("@ZERO@"); // literal zero

    // information for function pointer &warn_about_one_sided_flags
    treat_one_sided_flags_as_errors_ = treat_warnings_as_errors_;
    quiet_one_sided_flags_ = quiet_;
    errorstr_ = this->get_stream(this->error_);
    
    StringPairVector newVector;

    
    if (align_strings_)
    {
        StringPairVector tmp = tokenizer_.tokenize(upper, lower);
        vector<string> one;
        vector<string> two;
        

        for(StringPairVector::iterator it = tmp.begin() ; it < tmp.end(); ++it)
        {
            if (it->first != "@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@" )
                one.push_back(it->first);
            if (it->second != "@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@" )
                two.push_back(it->second);
        }
        
        
        pair<vector<string>, vector<string> > med_vectors = find_med_alingment(one, two);
        
        
        std::stringstream ss1;
        for(size_t i = 0; i < med_vectors.first.size(); ++i)
        {
          ss1 << med_vectors.first[i];
        }
        std::string as1 = ss1.str();
        
         std::stringstream ss2;
        for(size_t i = 0; i < med_vectors.second.size(); ++i)
        {
          ss2 << med_vectors.second[i];
        }
        std::string as2 = ss2.str();
        
        
        newVector = tokenizer_.tokenize(joinerEnc + as1 + encodedCont,
                                            joinerEnc + as2 + encodedCont,
                                            &warn_about_one_sided_flags);
    }else
    {
        StringPairVector upperV;
        upperV = tokenizer_.tokenize(upper);

        StringPairVector lowerV;
        lowerV = tokenizer_.tokenize(lower);

        int upperSize = hfst::size_t_to_int(upperV.size());
        int lowerSize = hfst::size_t_to_int(lowerV.size());

        if ( upperSize > lowerSize)
        {
            std::string epsilons = "";
            for(int i=1; i <= upperSize-lowerSize ; i++)
            {
                epsilons = epsilons + string("@@ANOTHER_EPSILON@@");

            }
            newVector = tokenizer_.tokenize(joinerEnc + upper + encodedCont,
                                            joinerEnc + lower + epsilons + encodedCont,
                                            &warn_about_one_sided_flags);

        }
        else if (upperSize < lowerSize)
        {
            std::string epsilons = "";
            for(int i=1; i <= lowerSize-upperSize ; i++)
            {
                epsilons = epsilons + string("@@ANOTHER_EPSILON@@");

            }
            newVector = tokenizer_.tokenize(joinerEnc + upper + epsilons + encodedCont,
                                            joinerEnc + lower + encodedCont,
                                            &warn_about_one_sided_flags);
        }
        else
        {
            newVector = tokenizer_.tokenize(joinerEnc + upper + encodedCont,
                                            joinerEnc + lower + encodedCont,
                                            &warn_about_one_sided_flags);
        }
        
    }
    std::string zero("@ZERO@");
    size_t start_pos = 0;
    for (StringPairVector::iterator it = newVector.begin(); it != newVector.end(); it++)
      {
	if (it->first == "0")
	  {
	    it->first = "@0@";
	  }
	start_pos = it->first.find(zero);
	if(start_pos != std::string::npos)
	  {
	    it->first.replace(start_pos, zero.length(), "0");
	  }
	if (it->second == "0")
	  {
	    it->second = "@0@";
	  }
	start_pos = it->second.find(zero);
	if(start_pos != std::string::npos)
	  {
	    it->second.replace(start_pos, zero.length(), "0");
	  }
      }

    stringsTrie_.disjunct(newVector, hfst::double_to_float(weight));

    return *this;
}

// Construct transducer nameJoiner XRE contJoiner and add to trie
LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::addXreEntry(const string& regexp, const string& continuation,
        double weight)
{
    currentEntries_++;
    totalEntries_++;
    continuations_.insert(continuation);
    string encodedCont = string(continuation);
    if (with_flags_)
    {
        if (noFlags_.find(continuation) == noFlags_.end())
          {
            encodedCont = flagJoinerEncode(encodedCont, false);
          }
        else
          {
            encodedCont = joinerEncode(encodedCont);
          }
    }
    else
    {
        encodedCont = joinerEncode(encodedCont);
    }
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(encodedCont);
    //char* xre_encoded = hfst::xre::add_percents(encodedCont.c_str());

    HfstTransducer* newPaths = xre_.compile(regexp);

    newPaths->optimize();

    // encode key
    // keep regexps with different continuations separate
    string regex_key =  currentLexiconName_ + "_" + continuation;

    regExpresionEncode(regex_key);
    tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(regex_key);

    // FIXME: add all implicit chars to multichar symbols
    if (regexps_.find(regex_key) == regexps_.end())
      {
        regexps_.insert(pair<string,HfstTransducer*>(regex_key,
                                                   new HfstTransducer(format_)));
      }
    regexps_[regex_key]->disjunct(*newPaths).optimize();
    if (!quiet_)
      {
        if ((currentEntries_ % 10000) == 0)
          {
            std::ostream * err = get_stream(error_);
            *err << currentEntries_ << "...";
            flush(err);
          }
          
      }


    // add key to trie

    string joinerEnc = currentLexiconName_;
      if (with_flags_)
      {
          if (noFlags_.find(currentLexiconName_) == noFlags_.end())
            {
              flagJoinerEncode(joinerEnc, true);
            }
          else
            {
              joinerEncode(joinerEnc);
            }
      }
      else
      {
          joinerEncode(joinerEnc);
      }
      tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(joinerEnc);
      StringPairVector newVector(tokenizer_.tokenize(joinerEnc + regex_key + encodedCont));
      stringsTrie_.disjunct(newVector, hfst::double_to_float(weight));



    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::addXreDefinition(const string& definition_name, const string& xre)
{
    // FIXME: collect implicit characters
    xre_.define(definition_name, xre);
    if (!quiet_)
      {
        std::ostream * err = get_stream(error_);
        *err << "Defined '" << definition_name << "': ? Kb., ? states, ? arcs, ? paths." << std::endl;
        flush(err);
      }
    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setCurrentLexiconName(const string& lexiconName)
{
    static bool firstLexicon = true;
    currentLexiconName_ = lexiconName;

    if (!allow_multiple_sublexicon_definitions_)
      {
        if (lexiconNames_.find(lexiconName) != lexiconNames_.end())
          throw("Lexicon is defined more than once!");
      }

    lexiconNames_.insert(lexiconName);
    if (noFlags_.find(lexiconName) == noFlags_.end())
    {
        string encodedName(lexiconName);
        flagJoinerEncode(encodedName, false);
        tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(encodedName);
        flagJoinerEncode(encodedName, true);
        tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(encodedName);
    }
    else
    {
        string encodedName(lexiconName);
        joinerEncode(encodedName);
        tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(encodedName);
    }

    std::ostream * err = get_stream(error_);

    if ((firstLexicon) && (lexiconName == "Root"))
    {
        setInitialLexiconName(lexiconName);
    }
    else if ((firstLexicon) && (lexiconName != "Root"))
    {
      if (!quiet_) *err << "first lexicon is not named Root" << std::endl;
        setInitialLexiconName(lexiconName);
    }
    else if ((!firstLexicon) && (lexiconName == "Root"))
    {
      if (!quiet_) *err << "Root is not first the first lexicon" << std::endl;
        setInitialLexiconName(lexiconName);
    }
    if (!firstLexicon && !quiet_)
    {
      *err << currentEntries_ << " ";
    }
    if (!quiet_) *err << lexiconName << "...";
    firstLexicon = false;

    flush(err);

    currentEntries_ = 0;
    return *this;
}

LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::setInitialLexiconName(const string& lexiconName)
{
    initialLexiconName_ = lexiconName;
    lexiconNames_.insert(lexiconName);
    // for connectedness calculation:
    continuations_.insert(lexiconName);

    return *this;
}

HfstTransducer*
LexcCompiler::compileLexical()
  {

    if (parseErrors_)
      {
        return 0;
      }

    std::ostream * err = get_stream(error_);

    bool warnings_generated = false;
    printConnectedness(warnings_generated);
    if (warnings_generated && treat_warnings_as_errors_)
      {
        if (!quiet_) *err << "*** ERROR: could not parse lexc file: treating warnings as errors [--Werror] ***" << std::endl;
        flush(err);
        return 0;
      }

    HfstTransducer lexicons(stringsTrie_, format_);


    lexicons.optimize();

    // repeat star to overgenerate
    lexicons.repeat_star().optimize();

    HfstSymbolSubstitutions smallSubstitutions;
    smallSubstitutions.insert(StringPair("@0@", "@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@"));
    smallSubstitutions.insert(StringPair("@@ANOTHER_EPSILON@@", "@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@"));
    smallSubstitutions.insert(StringPair("@ZERO@", "0"));

    lexicons.substitute(smallSubstitutions);
    lexicons.prune_alphabet();

    HfstBasicTransducer joinersTrie_;

    HfstSymbolSubstitutions allJoinersToEpsilon;

    if ( !with_flags_ )
    {
        string joinerinitialLexiconName_ = initialLexiconName_;

        HfstTransducer start(joinerEncode(joinerinitialLexiconName_), tokenizer_, format_);
        string endString = "#";
        joinerEncode(endString);
        HfstTransducer end(endString, tokenizer_, format_);
        lexicons = start.concatenate(lexicons).concatenate(end).optimize();

        for (set<string>::const_iterator s = lexiconNames_.begin();
             s != lexiconNames_.end();
             ++s)
        {
            if (verbose_)
            {
              *err << "Morphotaxing... " << *s << " ";
              flush(err);
            }
            string joinerEnc = *s;
            joinerEncode(joinerEnc);


            // joiners trie version (later compose)
            StringPairVector newVector(tokenizer_.tokenize(joinerEnc + joinerEnc));
            joinersTrie_.disjunct(newVector, 0);

            allJoinersToEpsilon.insert(StringPair(joinerEnc, "@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@"));
         }

        string rootJoiner = initialLexiconName_;
        string hashJoiner = "#";
        joinerEncode(rootJoiner);
        joinerEncode(hashJoiner);

        allJoinersToEpsilon.insert(StringPair(rootJoiner, "@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@"));
        allJoinersToEpsilon.insert(StringPair(hashJoiner, "@_EPSILON_SYMBOL_@"));

    }
    else
    {

        string rootP = initialLexiconName_;
        string rootR = initialLexiconName_;

          HfstTransducer startP(flagJoinerEncode(rootP, false), tokenizer_, format_);
          HfstTransducer startR(flagJoinerEncode(rootR, true), tokenizer_, format_);

          string endStringP = "#";
          string endStringR = "#";
          flagJoinerEncode(endStringP, false);
          flagJoinerEncode(endStringR, true);

          tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(endStringP);
          tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(endStringR);

          HfstTransducer endP(endStringP, tokenizer_, format_);
          HfstTransducer endR(endStringR, tokenizer_, format_);

          lexicons = startP.
                      concatenate(lexicons).
                      concatenate(endR).
                      optimize();

          for (set<string>::const_iterator s = lexiconNames_.begin();
               s != lexiconNames_.end();
               ++s)
          {
            if (verbose_)
            {
              *err << "Morphotaxing... " << *s << " ";
              flush(err);
            }
            string flagPstring = *s;
            string flagRstring = *s;

            flagJoinerEncode(flagPstring, false);
            flagJoinerEncode(flagRstring, true);

            // joiners trie version (later compose)
            StringPairVector newVector(tokenizer_.tokenize(flagPstring + flagRstring));
            joinersTrie_.disjunct(newVector, 0);
        }
    }


        /// get right side of every pair
        HfstBasicTransducer fsm(lexicons);
        StringSet rightSymbols;
        // Go through all states
        for (HfstBasicTransducer::const_iterator it = fsm.begin();
        it != fsm.end(); it++ )
        {
            // Go through all transitions
          for (hfst::implementations::HfstBasicTransitions::const_iterator tr_it
             = it->begin(); tr_it != it->end(); tr_it++)
            {
                String alph2 = tr_it->get_output_symbol();

                String prefix1("@@ANOTHER_EPSILON@@");
                String prefix2("$_LEXC_JOINER.");
                String prefix3("@_");
                String prefix4("$P.LEXNAME.");
                String prefix5("$R.LEXNAME.");

                if( alph2.substr(0, prefix1.size()) != prefix1 &&
                        alph2.substr(0, prefix2.size()) != prefix2 &&
                        alph2.substr(0, prefix4.size()) != prefix4 &&
                        alph2.substr(0, prefix5.size()) != prefix5 &&
                        alph2.substr(0, prefix3.size()) != prefix3 )
                {
                    rightSymbols.insert(alph2);

                }
            }
        }

        for ( StringSet::const_iterator it = rightSymbols.begin(); it != rightSymbols.end(); ++it)
        {
            String alph = *it;
            tokenizer_.add_multichar_symbol(alph);
            StringPairVector newVector(tokenizer_.tokenize(alph));
            joinersTrie_.disjunct(newVector, 0);
        }

        HfstTransducer joinersAll(joinersTrie_, format_);




        joinersAll.repeat_star();
        joinersAll.optimize();

        if (debug)
          {
            *err << "lexicons before compose: " << std::endl;
            *err << lexicons;
            
            *err << "joinersAll: " << std::endl;
            *err << joinersAll;
            *err << std::endl;
            flush(err);
          }

        lexicons.compose(joinersAll).optimize();

        if (debug)
          {
            *err << "lexicons after composition: " << std::endl;
            *err << lexicons << std::endl;
            flush(err);
          }

        HfstSymbolSubstitutions allSubstitutions;
        if(with_flags_)
        {
            if (verbose_)
            {
              *err << std::endl << "Changing flags..." << std::endl;
              flush(err);
            }
            HfstSymbolSubstitutions fakeFlagsToRealFlags;
            // Change fake flags to real flags
            lexicons.prune_alphabet();

            StringSet transducerAlphabet = lexicons.get_alphabet();
            for (StringSet::const_iterator s = transducerAlphabet.begin();
                           s != transducerAlphabet.end();
                           ++s)
            {
              if (debug)
                {
                  *err << "handling alpha: '" << *s << "'..." << std::endl;
                  flush(err);
                }
                String alph = *s;

                if ( alph[0] == '$' && *alph.rbegin() == '$' && alph.size() > 2)
                {
                    replace(alph.begin(), alph.end(), '$', '@');

                    fakeFlagsToRealFlags.insert(StringPair(*s, alph));
                    if (debug)
                      {
                        *err << "debug: inserting fakeFlagsToRealFlags replacement: " << *s << " -> " << alph << std::endl;
                        flush(err);
                      }
                }
            }
            allSubstitutions.insert(fakeFlagsToRealFlags.begin(), fakeFlagsToRealFlags.end());

        }
        else
        {
            allSubstitutions.insert(allJoinersToEpsilon.begin(), allJoinersToEpsilon.end());
        }

        lexicons.substitute(allSubstitutions).optimize();
        lexicons.prune_alphabet();

        if (debug)
          {
            *err << "lexicons after substitution: " << std::endl;
            *err << lexicons << std::endl;
            flush(err);
          }
        
        //replace reg exp key with transducers
        if (verbose_)
        {
          *err << std::endl << "Inserting regular expressions..." << std::endl;
          flush(err);
        }


        // substitute all reg expression into special, unharmonizible symbols
        HfstSymbolSubstitutions fakeRegexprToReal;
        for (std::map<std::string,hfst::HfstTransducer*>::const_iterator it = regexps_.begin();
                               it != regexps_.end();
                               ++it)
        {
            String alph = it->first;
            if ( alph[0] == '$' )
            {
                // TODO: do this only for strings that look like $.....$
                replace(alph.begin(), alph.end(), '$', '@');

                fakeRegexprToReal.insert(StringPair(it->first, alph));
                if (debug)
                  {
                    *err << "debug: inserting fakeRegexprToReal replacement: " << it->first << " -> " << alph << std::endl;
                    flush(err);
                  }
            }
        }
        lexicons.substitute(fakeRegexprToReal).optimize();
        lexicons.prune_alphabet();

        std::map<String, HfstBasicTransducer> regMarkToTr;


        for (std::map<std::string,hfst::HfstTransducer*>::const_iterator it = regexps_.begin();
                                       it != regexps_.end();
                                       ++it)
        {

            String alph = it->first;
            if ( alph[0] == '$' )
            {
                // TODO: do this only for strings that look like $.....$
                replace(alph.begin(), alph.end(), '$', '@');
            }
            HfstBasicTransducer btr(*(it->second));
            regMarkToTr[alph] = btr;
            if (debug)
              {
                *err << "debug: regMarkToTr[" << alph << "] = " << std::endl;
                btr.write_in_att_format(*err);
                flush(err);
              }
        }
      
        HfstBasicTransducer lexicons_basic(lexicons);
        lexicons_basic.substitute(regMarkToTr, true);

        lexicons_basic.prune_alphabet();

        if (debug)
          {
            *err << "lexicons_basic after regexp substitution: " << std::endl;
            lexicons_basic.write_in_att_format(*err);
            flush(err);
          }


/*
        printf("lexicons after substitute: \n");
        lexicons_basic.write_in_att_format(stdout, 1);
        printf("--\n");
*/



    HfstTransducer* rv = new HfstTransducer(lexicons_basic, format_);

    // Preserve only first flag of consecutive P and R lexname flag series,
    // e.g. change P.LEXNAME.1 R.LEXNAME.1 P.LEXNAME.2 R.LEXNAME.2 into P.LEXNAME.1
    if (with_flags_)
    {
        StringSet transducerAlphabet = rv->get_alphabet();
        StringSet flagD;
        for (StringSet::const_iterator s = transducerAlphabet.begin();
             s != transducerAlphabet.end();
             ++s)
        {
            String alph = *s;
            String alph10 = alph.substr(0,10);
            if ( alph10 == "@P.LEXNAME" || alph10 == "@R.LEXNAME" )
            {
                flagD.insert(alph);
            }
        }

        // Construct a rule for consecutive flag removal:
        // [FLAG1 | FLAG2 ... FLAGN] -> 0 || [FLAG1 | FLAG2 ... FLAGN] _
        // and also an inverted rule
        std::string flag_remover_regexp("[ ");
        bool first_flag = true;
        
        for (StringSet::const_iterator it
               = flagD.begin(); it != flagD.end(); ++it)
        {
            if (!first_flag)
            {
                flag_remover_regexp.append("| ");
            }
            flag_remover_regexp.append("\"").append(*it).append("\" ");
            first_flag = false;
        }
        flag_remover_regexp.append("]");
        std::string context_regexp(flag_remover_regexp);
        flag_remover_regexp.append(" -> 0 || ").append(context_regexp).append(" _ ");

        if (debug)
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "flag_remover_regexp: %s\n", flag_remover_regexp.c_str());
        }
         
        hfst::xre::XreCompiler xre_comp(format_);
        
        HfstTransducer * flag_filter = xre_comp.compile(flag_remover_regexp);
        flag_filter->optimize();
        HfstTransducer * inverted_flag_filter = new HfstTransducer(*flag_filter);
        inverted_flag_filter->invert().optimize();

        // [ [FLAG1 | FLAG2 ... FLAGN] -> 0 || [FLAG1 | FLAG2 ... FLAGN] _ ].inv
        //                        .o.
        //                       RESULT
        //                        .o.
        // [FLAG1 | FLAG2 ... FLAGN] -> 0 || [FLAG1 | FLAG2 ... FLAGN] _
        HfstTransducer filtered_lexicons(*inverted_flag_filter);
        filtered_lexicons.compose(*rv, true);
        filtered_lexicons.compose(*flag_filter, true).optimize();
         
        rv->assign(filtered_lexicons);
    }

    rv->optimize();
    
    if(!quiet_) *err << endl;
    
    return rv;
}


const LexcCompiler&
LexcCompiler::printConnectedness(bool & warnings_generated)
{
  std::ostream * err = get_stream(error_);

  if (lexiconNames_ != continuations_)
    {
        vector<string> lexMinusCont = vector<string>(lexiconNames_.size());
        vector<string> contMinusLex = vector<string>(continuations_.size());
        vector<string>::iterator lexMinusContEnd = set_difference(
                lexiconNames_.begin(), lexiconNames_.end(),
                continuations_.begin(), continuations_.end(),
                lexMinusCont.begin());
        vector<string>::iterator contMinusLexEnd = set_difference(
                continuations_.begin(), continuations_.end(),
                lexiconNames_.begin(), lexiconNames_.end(),
                contMinusLex.begin());
        if (contMinusLexEnd - contMinusLex.begin() > 0)
        {
            for (vector<string>::iterator s = contMinusLex.begin();
                    s != contMinusLexEnd; ++s)
            {
              if (!quiet_)
                {
                  *err << "Warning: Sublexicon is mentioned but not defined. (" << *s << ") " << std::endl;
                  flush(err);
                }
              warnings_generated = true;
            }
        }
        if (lexMinusContEnd - lexMinusCont.begin() > 0)
        {
          warnings_generated = true;
          if (!quiet_)
            {
              *err << "Warning: Sublexicons defined but not used" << std::endl;
              for (vector<string>::iterator s = lexMinusCont.begin();
                   s != lexMinusContEnd; ++s)
                {
                  *err << *s << " ";
                }
              *err << std::endl;
              flush(err);
            }
        }
    }
    return *this;
}

} }

#else
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>

using namespace hfst;
using hfst::lexc::LexcCompiler;

int
main(int argc, char** argv)
  {
    std::cout << "Unit tests for " __FILE__ ":";
    std::cout << std::endl << "constructors: ";
    std::cout << " (default)...";
    LexcCompiler lexcDefault();
#if HAVE_SFST
    std::cout << " (SFST)...";
    LexcCompiler lexcSfst(SFST_TYPE);
    lexcSfst.setAllowMultipleSublexiconDefinitions(true);
#endif
#if HAVE_OPENFST
    std::cout << " (OpenFST)...";
    LexcCompiler lexcOfst(TROPICAL_OPENFST_TYPE);
    lexcOfst.setAllowMultipleSublexiconDefinitions(true);
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    std::cout << " (foma)...";
    LexcCompiler lexcFoma(FOMA_TYPE);
    lexcFoma.setAllowMultipleSublexiconDefinitions(true);
#endif
    std::cout << std::endl << "set verbose:";
#if HAVE_SFST
    lexcSfst.setVerbosity(1);
    lexcSfst.setVerbosity(2);
#endif
#if HAVE_OFST
    lexcOfst.setVerbosity(1);
    lexcOfst.setVerbosity(2);
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    lexcFoma.setVerbosity(1);
    lexcFoma.setVerbosity(2);
#endif
    FILE* existence_check = hfst::hfst_fopen("LexcCompiler_test.lexc", "r");
    if (existence_check == NULL)
      {
        existence_check = hfst::hfst_fopen("LexcCompiler_test.lexc", "w");
        assert(existence_check != NULL);
        fprintf(existence_check, "Definitions\n"        \
                "\tdef1 = a\tb c;\n" \
                "\tdef2 = \"asdf\";\n" \
                "\tdef3 = \"sdfg\";\n" \
                "\tdef4 = \"xxx\"; def5 = \"zzz\";\n" \
                "\tdef6 = \"%%;\";\n" \
                "LEXICON Root\ncat # ;\ndog Plural ;\n");
        fclose(existence_check);
      }
    existence_check = hfst::hfst_fopen("LexcCompiler_test2.lexc", "r");
    if (existence_check == NULL)
      {
        existence_check = hfst::hfst_fopen("LexcCompiler_test2.lexc", "w");
        assert(existence_check != NULL);
        fprintf(existence_check, "LEXICON Plural\ns # ;\n");
        fclose(existence_check);
      }
    std::cout << std::endl << "parsing: ";
#if HAVE_SFST
    std::cout << "sfst parse(FILE)...";
    FILE* sfstFile = hfst::hfst_fopen("LexcCompiler_test.lexc", "r");
    lexcSfst.parse(sfstFile);
    fclose(sfstFile);
    std::cout << "parse(filename)...";
    lexcSfst.parse("LexcCompiler_test2.lexc");
#endif
#if HAVE_OPENFST
    std::cout << "ofst parse(FILE)...";
    FILE* ofstFile = hfst::hfst_fopen("LexcCompiler_test.lexc", "r");
    lexcOfst.parse(ofstFile);
    fclose(ofstFile);
    std::cout << "parse(filename)...";
    lexcOfst.parse("LexcCompiler_test2.lexc");
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    std::cout << "foma parse(FILE)...";
    FILE* fomaFile = hfst::hfst_fopen("LexcCompiler_test.lexc", "r");
    lexcFoma.parse(fomaFile);
    fclose(fomaFile);
    std::cout << "parse(filename)...";
    lexcFoma.parse("LexcCompiler_test2.lexc");
#endif
      
    std::cout << std::endl << "add multichars:";
#if HAVE_SFST
    lexcSfst.addAlphabet("foo");
    lexcSfst.addAlphabet("bar");
#endif
#if HAVE_OFST
    lexcOfst.addAlphabet("foo");
    lexcOfst.addAlphabet("bar");
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    lexcFoma.addAlphabet("foo");
    lexcFoma.addAlphabet("bar");
#endif
    std::cout << std::endl << "set lexicon name:";
#if HAVE_SFST
    lexcSfst.setCurrentLexiconName("Root");
#endif
#if HAVE_OFST
    lexcOfst.setCurrentLexiconName("Root");
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    lexcFoma.setCurrentLexiconName("Root");
#endif
    std::cout << std::endl << "add entries:";
#if HAVE_SFST
    std::cout << " sfst string(dog, #)...";
    lexcSfst.addStringEntry("dog", "#", 0);
    std::cout << " sfst string(banana, apple, #)...";
    lexcSfst.addStringPairEntry("banana", "apple", "#", 0);
    std::cout << " sfst xre(f i:o 0:u g h t, #)...";
    lexcSfst.addXreEntry("f i:o 0:u g h t", "#", 0);
#endif
#if HAVE_OFST
    std::cout << " ofst string(dog, #)...";
    lexcOfst.addStringEntry("dog", "#", 0);
    std::cout << " ofst string(banana, apple, #)...";
    lexcOfst.addStringPairEntry("banana", "apple", "#", 0);
    std::cout << " ofst xre(f i:o 0:u g h t, #)...";
    lexcOfst.addXreEntry("f i:o 0:u g h t", "#", 0);
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    std::cout << " foma string(dog, #)...";
    lexcFoma.addStringEntry("dog", "#", 0);
    std::cout << " foma string(banana, apple, #)...";
    lexcFoma.addStringPairEntry("banana", "apple", "#", 0);
    std::cout << " foma xre(f i:o 0:u g h t, #)...";
    lexcFoma.addXreEntry("f i:o 0:u g h t", "#", 0);
#endif
    std::cout << std::endl << "add definitions:";
#if HAVE_SFST
    std::cout << " sfst define(vowels, a | e | i | o | u | y)...";
    lexcSfst.addXreDefinition("Vowels", "a | e | i | o | u | y");
#endif
#if HAVE_OFST
    std::cout << " ofst define(vowels, a | e | i | o | u | y)...";
    lexcOfst.addXreDefinition("Vowels", "a | e | i | o | u | y");
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    std::cout << " foma define(vowels, a | e | i | o | u | y)...";
    lexcFoma.addXreDefinition("Vowels", "a | e | i | o | u | y");
#endif
    std::cout << std::endl << "set initial lexicon name:";
#if HAVE_SFST
    std::cout << " sfst initial(Root)...";
    lexcSfst.setInitialLexiconName("Root");
#endif
#if HAVE_OFST
    std::cout << " ofst initial(Root)...";
    lexcOfst.setInitialLexiconName("Root");
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    std::cout << " foma initial(Root)...";
    lexcFoma.setInitialLexiconName("Root");
#endif
    std::cout << std::endl << "compile:";
#if HAVE_SFST
    std::cout << " sfst compile...";
    assert(lexcSfst.compileLexical() != NULL);
#endif
#if HAVE_OFST
    std::cout << " ofst compile...";
    assert(lexcOfst.compileLexical() != NULL);
#endif
#if HAVE_FOMA
    std::cout << " foma compile...";
    assert(lexcFoma.compileLexical() != NULL);
#endif
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
  }
#endif
// vim: set ft=cpp.doxygen:
